Questions:

1. What term is used by meteorologists to describe the temperature change in the atmosphere that occurs with increasing height?

2. What is the lapse rate that is the dividing line between stable and unstable atmospheric conditions?

3. What type plume from an elevated source produces highest ground level concentration of pollutant?

4. What type graphical display is used to estimate the stability of the atmosphere?

5. Describe the inversion condition and how it may effect air pollution from a tall stack.

6. What are the three general methods that can be used to maximize the dilution capacity of the atmosphere?

7. What are the three most important meteorological variables to be measured for air pollution work?

1. The ground level wind velocity at 10 m elevation is 5.2 m/sec in a city. What would you estimate the velocity to be at 125m elevation in moderately stable atmosphere.

2. If a parcel, initially at -27 ^oC at some level in the atmosphere, is heated dry adiabatically in descending to the 1000 mb pressure level to +15 ^oC , what is the parcel's potential temperature.

3. Calculate the potential temperature for the following cases:
 

4. The wind speed is 1m/s at a height of 10m. Estimate the wind speed at heights of (a) 83m, and (b) 183m for the six stability conditions used in air quality models for a rural area.

5. Plot the temperature variation for a day during this year (or last year). You can use information from weather service.

6. What is the atmospheric stability for the standard deviation of horizontal wind direction: (a) 35^o, (b) 15^o, (c) 20^o, (d) 10^o, (e) 5^o and (f) 1^o.

7. During a field program carried by a utility in Ohio, the atmospheric lapse rate on July 29, 1990 was found constant up to 1200 m. The pressure (Po) is 1067 mbar and the temperature (To) is 21 ^oC at ground level . A radiosonde measurement indicates that at some elevation z the pressure and temperature are 890 mbar and 9.5 ^oC respectively. Determine:

• the atmospheric temperature gradient dT/dz in degree Kelvin per meter
• the elevation of the observation.

9. During a dispersion study the lapse rate was constant at 1.3^oC per 100 m. If the atmosphere is assumes to behave as a perfect gas, at what altitude was the pressure one-fifth the sea level. The sea level temperature and pressure were 18^oC and 1 atm respectively.

10. Determine whether the atmosphere is unstable, neutral or stable for the following case.
 

Initial Temperature	30.2 oC
Final Temperature	- 58.5 oC
Initial Height	221 m
Final Height	23214 m

 

11. Calculate the maximum mixing height from the following early morning temperature data given below:
 

Height (m)	0	250	350	450	550	650
Temperature (oC)	9.5	12.2	15.1	15.6	16.2	16.5

The maximum surface temperature for the day was 15^oC.